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1. 发明授权

US5844602A Electro-optical imaging array and camera system with pitch rate image motion compensation which can be used in an airplane in a dive bomb maneuver 失效
标题翻译：电光成像阵列和具有俯仰速率图像运动补偿的相机系统，其可以在飞机中用于潜水炸弹机动
公开(公告)号：US5844602A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US762385
申请日：1996-12-03
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Russell A. Bennett , Steven R. Beran , Michael Bown , George Hines
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Russell A. Bennett , Steven R. Beran , Michael Bown , George Hines
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , G01C11/02 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/335 , H04N7/18 , H04N9/47 , H04N5/228 , H04N3/14
CPC分类号： H04N5/2327 , G01C11/02 , H04N3/155 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/23274 , H04N5/335
摘要： A camera system is described which is based on an electro-optical imaging array performs electronic image motion compensation without moving parts during a reconnaissance maneuver in which the aircraft is experiencing a non-zero rate of change in the pitch axis, such as in a dive bomb maneuver when the pilot is pulling out of the dive. The camera system has a camera control computer that calculates a pixel information transfer rate for the array based on parameters supplied by the aircraft's navigation system and pre-mission known parameters, including the aircraft's velocity, height above ground, attach angle, pitch angle, and rate of change in pitch during the period in which the array is taking successive exposures of the scene. The camera control computer supplies information to the drive and control electronics that control the transfer of pixel information in the array. In a preferred embodiment, the array is exposed to the scene of interest in a series of rapid exposure intervals and generates a frame of imagery during each exposure. By virtue of the electronic image motion compensation, each frame of imagery is a high resolution image of the scene of interest, far surpassing images created by an electro-optical array if the present image motion compensation technique were not performed.
摘要翻译：描述了一种照相机系统，其基于电光成像阵列在飞行器正在经历俯仰轴的非零变化率的侦察机动中执行电子图像运动补偿，例如在潜水中当飞行员撤出潜水时，炸弹机动。照相机系统具有照相机控制计算机，其基于由飞行器的导航系统提供的参数和特派团前的已知参数（包括飞机的速度，地面高度，附着角度，俯仰角和阵列在场景连续曝光期间的音调变化率。相机控制计算机向驱动器和控制电子设备提供信息，以控制阵列中像素信息的传输。在优选实施例中，阵列以一系列快速曝光间隔暴露于感兴趣的场景，并在每次曝光期间产生一帧图像。通过电子图像运动补偿，如果不执行当前的图像运动补偿技术，则每帧图像是感兴趣的场景的高分辨率图像，远远超过由电光阵列产生的图像。

2. 发明授权

US06130705A Autonomous electro-optical framing camera system with constant ground resolution, unmanned airborne vehicle therefor, and methods of use 失效
标题翻译：具有恒定地面分辨率的自动电光框架摄像机系统，无人机载机及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US06130705A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-10
申请号：US113392
申请日：1998-07-10
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , Brian James , James P. Quinn , John Lund
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , Brian James , James P. Quinn , John Lund
IPC分类号： G01C3/08 , G01C11/02 , H04N5/232 , H04N13/00
CPC分类号： H04N5/23264 , G01C11/02 , G01C3/08 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/23254 , H04N5/23287
摘要： An aerial reconnaissance system generates imagery of a scene that meets resolution or field of view objectives automatically and autonomously. In one embodiment, a passive method of automatically calculating range to the target from a sequence of airborne reconnaissance camera images is used. Range information is use for controlling the adjustment of a zoom lens to yield frame-to-frame target imagery that has a desired, e.g., constant, ground resolution or field of view at the center of the image despite rapid and significant aircraft altitude and attitude changes. Image to image digital correlation is used to determine the displacement of the target at the focal plane. Camera frame rate and aircraft INS/GPS information is used to accurately determine the frame to frame distance (baseline). The calculated range to target is then used to drive a zoom lens servo mechanism to the proper focal length to yield the desired resolution or field of view for the next image. The method may be performed based on parameters other than range, such as aircraft height and stand off distance.
摘要翻译：空中侦察系统自动和自主地生成满足解决方案或视野目标的场景的图像。在一个实施例中，使用从空中侦察摄像机图像序列自动地计算到目标的范围的被动方法。范围信息用于控制变焦镜头的调节，以产生在图像中心具有期望的，例如恒定的地面分辨率或视场的帧到目标图像，尽管飞行器的高度和姿态快速且显着变化。图像到图像数字相关用于确定目标在焦平面处的位移。摄像机帧率和飞机INS / GPS信息用于准确确定帧到帧距离（基线）。然后将计算出的目标范围用于将变焦镜头伺服机构驱动到适当的焦距，以产生下一图像的期望分辨率或视场。该方法可以基于除了范围之外的参数，例如飞行器高度和离开距离来执行。

3. 发明授权

US5692062A Electro-optical imaging array with profiled foward motion compensation 失效
标题翻译：具有轮廓运动补偿的电光成像阵列
公开(公告)号：US5692062A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US316734
申请日：1994-10-03
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Brian James , Russell A. Bennett
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Brian James , Russell A. Bennett
IPC分类号： G01S3/786 , H04N5/14 , H04N5/335 , H04N5/341 , H04N5/359 , H04N5/369 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： H04N5/335 , H04N3/1525 , G01S3/7864 , H04N5/145
摘要： An electro-optical imaging array provides compensation for image motion due to variations in scene terrain electronically and with no moving parts. Pixel information representing scene information is transferred through the array in column groups. Each column group has its own charge transfer rate U. Successive images of the scene are generated by the imaging array, and the images are correlated by electronic signal processing circuitry to determine the image displacement of a fixed point in the scene between successive images. The image displacement is used to calculate a residual image velocity U.sub..delta. in each column group. As successive images of the scene are generated, the charge transfer rates U for each column group are updated, whereby U=U.sub.0 -U.sub..delta., where U.sub.0 is the charge transfer rate for the previous exposure, and U.sub..delta. is the residual image velocity in each column group.
摘要翻译：电光成像阵列由于电子场景地形的变化以及没有运动部件而对图像运动提供补偿。表示场景信息的像素信息通过数组以列组形式传送。每个列组具有其自己的电荷传送速率U.场景的连续图像由成像阵列产生，并且图像通过电子信号处理电路相关联，以确定连续图像之间的场景中的固定点的图像位移。图像位移用于计算每个列组中的残留图像速度U delta。随着场景的连续图像的生成，每列组的电荷转移率U被更新，由此U = U0-U delta，其中U0是先前曝光的电荷转移速率，U delta是残留图像速度每列组。

4. 发明授权

US5798786A Electro-optical imaging detector array for a moving vehicle which includes two axis image motion compensation and transfers pixels in row directions and column directions 失效
标题翻译：用于移动车辆的电光成像检测器阵列，其包括两轴图像运动补偿并且在行方向和列方向上传送像素
公开(公告)号：US5798786A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US646509
申请日：1996-05-07
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Brian James , William R. Pfister , Kenneth J. Jerkatis , Stephen R. Beran , Russell A. Bennett
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Brian James , William R. Pfister , Kenneth J. Jerkatis , Stephen R. Beran , Russell A. Bennett
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , G01C11/02 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/335 , H04N7/18 , H04N9/47 , H04N5/228
CPC分类号： H04N5/23274 , G01C11/02 , G03B15/006 , H04N3/155 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/335
摘要： An electro-optical imaging array having pixels arranged in rows and columns electronically compensates for image motion in the plane of the array regardless of whether the motion vector is in the row direction, the column direction, or in a diagonal direction, i.e., in some vector combination of row and column directions. In an aerial reconnaissance application, the image motion may be due to rotation of the aircraft about roll, pitch and/or yaw angles in addition to forward velocity of the aircraft. The image motion compensation is achieved with no moving parts and does not require a stabilized platform. A camera control computer determines the magnitude and direction of the image motion from inertial navigation system inputs, including velocity, flight, and aircraft rotation information, and calculates pixel information transfer rates in the row and column directions. The pixel information transfer rates are supplied to a counter and clock driver circuit for the array. The pixel information in the array is transferred in the row and column direction in a step-wise fashion in the row and column directions at a rate and direction substantially matching the image motion. The array itself is provided with a gate and control line design to enable charge representing pixel information to be transferred in both the row and column directions.
摘要翻译：具有排列成行和列的像素的电光学成像阵列电子地补偿阵列的平面中的图像运动，而不管运动矢量是在行方向，列方向还是在对角线方向上，即在某些方面行和列方向的向量组合。在空中侦察应用中，图像运动可能是由于除了飞行器的向前速度之外，飞机关于滚动，俯仰和/或偏航角度的旋转。图像运动补偿无需移动部件即可实现，不需要稳定的平台。相机控制计算机确定惯性导航系统输入的图像运动的大小和方向，包括速度，飞行和飞行器旋转信息，并计算行和列方向上的像素信息传输速率。像素信息传送速率被提供给阵列的计数器和时钟驱动器电路。阵列中的像素信息在行和列方向上以逐行方式以基本上与图像运动匹配的速率和方向在行和列方向上传送。阵列本身设置有栅极和控制线设计，以使得能够在行和列方向上传送代表像素信息的电荷。

5. 发明授权

US5668593A Method and camera system for step frame reconnaissance with motion compensation 失效
标题翻译：方法和相机系统，用于具有运动补偿的步进侦察
公开(公告)号：US5668593A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US486989
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Gilbert W. Willey , Russell A. Bennett , Stephen R. Beran
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Gilbert W. Willey , Russell A. Bennett , Stephen R. Beran
IPC分类号： G01C11/02 , G02B27/64 , G03B5/08 , G03B15/00 , G03B39/00 , H04N5/225 , H04N5/232 , H04N7/18 , H04N13/00
CPC分类号： G03B37/02 , G01C11/025 , G02B27/642 , H04N13/0221 , H04N3/1525 , H04N3/1587 , H04N5/2254 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/23287 , H04N7/188 , H04N13/0296 , H04N13/0431 , H04N13/0434 , H04N13/0438
摘要： An electro-optical step-frame camera system in which successive overlapping frames of scene imagery are generated by an electro-optical imaging array, and in which electronic image motion compensation is performed by the array during the generation of at least some of the frames of imagery. The successive frames of imagery are made in a stepping pattern that is repeated in a series of cycles of steps, each step separated by a framing interval in which a frame of imagery is obtained. The stepping cycles of the camera generate sweeping coverage of the terrain of interest. As the velocity to height ratio of the reconnaissance aircraft changes, the stepping cycle and electronic image motion compensation are continually adjusted, so as to ensure maximum scene coverage and preservation of image resolution.
摘要翻译：一种电光步进相机系统，其中通过电光成像阵列产生场景图像的连续重叠帧，并且其中在生成至少一些帧的时候由阵列执行电子图像运动补偿图像连续的图像帧以步骤模式进行，该步进模式以一系列步骤循环重复，每个步骤由获取图像帧的成帧间隔分开。相机的步进循环产生了感兴趣的地形的覆盖范围。随着侦察机速度与高度的变化，不断调整步进循环和电子图像运动补偿，以确保最大的场景覆盖和图像分辨率的保持。

6. 发明授权

US06831688B2 Multispectral or hyperspectral imaging system and method for tactical reconnaissance 有权
标题翻译：多光谱或高光谱成像系统和战术侦察方法
公开(公告)号：US06831688B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US10118534
申请日：2002-04-08
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Bradford Speer , William R. Pfister , Stephen R. Beran , Barry Swartz , James P. Karins , Robert J. Lintell , Christopher P. Warren
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Bradford Speer , William R. Pfister , Stephen R. Beran , Barry Swartz , James P. Karins , Robert J. Lintell , Christopher P. Warren
IPC分类号： H04N5335
CPC分类号： H04N5/37206 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0256 , G01J3/2803 , G01J3/2823 , G01J3/51 , H04N5/353 , H04N5/3743
摘要： A two-dimensional focal plane array (FPA) is divided into sub-arrays of rows and columns of pixels, each sub-array being responsive to light energy from a target object which has been separated by a spectral filter or other spectrum dividing element into a predetermined number of spectral bands. There is preferably one sub-array on the FPA for each predetermined spectral band. Each sub-array has its own read out channel to allow parallel and simultaneous readout of all sub-arrays of the array. The scene is scanned onto the array for simultaneous imaging of the terrain in many spectral bands. Time Delay and Integrate (TDI) techniques are used as a clocking mechanism within the sub-arrays to increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the detected image. Additionally, the TDI length (i.e., number of rows of integration during the exposure) within each sub-array is adjustable to optimize and normalize the response of the photosensitive substrate to each spectral band. The array provides for parallel and simultaneous readout of each sub-array to increase the collection rate of the spectral imagery. All of these features serve to provide a substantial improvement in the area coverage of a hyperspectral imaging system while at the same time increasing the SNR of the detected spectral image.
摘要翻译：二维焦平面阵列（FPA）被划分为行和列的像素的子阵列，每个子阵列响应于已经被光谱滤波器或其他频谱分割元件分离的目标对象的光能预定数量的光谱带。对于每个预定的光谱带，FPA上最好有一个子阵列。每个子阵列都有自己的读出通道，以允许并行和同时读出阵列的所有子阵列。将场景扫描到阵列上，以便在许多光谱带中同时成像地形。时间延迟和积分（TDI）技术被用作子阵列内的时钟机制，以增加检测到的图像的信噪比（SNR）。此外，每个子阵列内的TDI长度（即，曝光期间的积分行数）是可调整的，以使感光基片对每个光谱带的响应进行优化和归一化。该阵列提供并行和同时读取每个子阵列以增加光谱图像的采集速率。所有这些特征用于提供高光谱成像系统的面积覆盖的显着改进，同时增加检测到的光谱图像的SNR。

7. 发明授权

US6088055A Electro-optical imaging array and camera system with pitch rate image motion compensation 有权
标题翻译：电光成像阵列和具有俯仰速率图像运动补偿的相机系统
公开(公告)号：US6088055A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US163088
申请日：1998-09-29
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Russell A. Bennett , Steven R. Beran , Michael Bown , George Hines
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Russell A. Bennett , Steven R. Beran , Michael Bown , George Hines
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , G01C11/02 , H04N5/232 , H04N5/335 , H04N7/18
CPC分类号： H04N5/23274 , G01C11/02 , G03B15/006 , H04N3/155 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/335
摘要： A camera system is described which is based on an electro-optical imaging array performs electronic image motion compensation without moving parts during a reconnaissance maneuver in which the aircraft is experiencing a non-zero rate of change in the pitch axis, such as in a dive bomb maneuver when the pilot is pulling out of the dive. The camera system has a camera control computer that calculates a pixel information transfer rate for the array based on parameters supplied by the aircraft's navigation system and pre-mission known parameters, including the aircraft's velocity, height above ground, attach angle, pitch angle, and rate of change in pitch during the period in which the array is taking successive exposures of the scene. The camera control computer supplies information to the drive and control electronics that control the transfer of pixel information in the array. In a preferred embodiment, the array is exposed to the scene of interest in a series of rapid exposure intervals and generates a frame of imagery during each exposure. By virtue of the electronic image motion compensation, each frame of imagery is a high resolution image of the scene of interest, far surpassing images created by an electro-optical array if the present image motion compensation technique were not performed.
摘要翻译：描述了一种照相机系统，其基于电光成像阵列在飞行器正在经历俯仰轴的非零变化率的侦察机动中执行电子图像运动补偿，例如在潜水中当飞行员撤出潜水时，炸弹机动。照相机系统具有照相机控制计算机，其基于由飞行器的导航系统提供的参数和特派团前的已知参数（包括飞机的速度，地面高度，附着角度，俯仰角和阵列在场景连续曝光期间的音调变化率。相机控制计算机向驱动器和控制电子设备提供信息，以控制阵列中像素信息的传输。在优选实施例中，阵列以一系列快速曝光间隔暴露于感兴趣的场景，并在每次曝光期间产生一帧图像。通过电子图像运动补偿，如果不执行当前的图像运动补偿技术，则每帧图像是感兴趣的场景的高分辨率图像，远远超过由电光阵列产生的图像。

8. 发明授权

US5155597A Electro-optical imaging array with motion compensation 失效
标题翻译：具有运动补偿的电光成像阵列
公开(公告)号：US5155597A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US619219
申请日：1990-11-28
申请人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , John A. Lund , William R. Pfister
发明人： Andre G. Lareau , Stephen R. Beran , John A. Lund , William R. Pfister
IPC分类号： G01C11/02 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/335
CPC分类号： G01C11/02 , H04N3/1525 , H04N3/1568 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/335
摘要： An electro-optical area array reconnaissance detector is disclosed which accomplishes forward motion compensation electronically and without moving parts. The array is made of photo-sensitive cells arranged in rows and columns, the columns being organized into one or more column groups. Charge packets collected in the cells representing scene information are transferred down the columns at the same rate as the image motion in the plane of the array. In a side oblique reconnaissance scenario, the columns may be organized into 16 column groups, each column group having its own charge transfer rate corresponding to the image motion rate in that column group.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电光区域阵列侦察探测器，其通过电子方式实现向前运动补偿，而不需要移动部件。阵列由以行和列排列的感光细胞组成，列被组织成一个或多个列组。在表示场景信息的单元格中收集的收费分组以与阵列的平面中的图像运动相同的速率向下传送。在侧面倾斜侦察场景中，列可以被组织成16列组，每个列组具有与该列组中的图像运动速率相对应的其自己的电荷传送速率。

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